Size and shape characterization in soils and sediments

Log in to watch this webinar

Not registered yet? Create an account
00:00:00 Size and shape characterization in soils and sediments
00:01:50 Size and shape characterization in soils and sediments
00:02:40 Format
00:03:48 Abstract
00:05:15 Obligatory opening quotation
00:06:13 Pretty picture (Lyon et al 1915)
00:07:12 And we do need something on a Malvern soil
00:08:28 It’s all about the soil particle(s)
00:09:23 Lyon (1915) et al
00:11:00 Heywood & Scarlett
00:12:03 Scarlett and Heywood (and Bark on LHS)
00:12:28 What are (some of) those properties?
00:14:05 Sediments - erosion etc Hjulstrom, Filip 1935. Studies of the morphological activity of rivers as illustrated by the River Fyris. Bull. Geol. Inst. Uppsala, 25 Picture taken in 1957
00:15:33 Blatt et al
00:16:32 Many forms http://geology.uprm.edu:80/Morelock/4_image/hjuls.gif
00:17:00 Nitrate control - Poland
00:17:41 Grain size in sediments
00:18:35 Why?
00:19:03 Characterization of sediment type
00:19:45 Lyon/Fippin/Buckman - 1915
00:20:20 From: Blatt et al
00:21:27 How?
00:22:17 Sieving - a common question
00:22:51 Sieving - a common question
00:24:21 This particle will also pass the screen
00:25:28 Maximum dimension of a unit cube
00:26:24 Sieving - a common question
00:28:04 Sieving
00:28:47 Sedimentation
00:29:22 Settling rate
00:30:09 (George Gabriel) Stokes’ Law
00:32:52 Calculated settling times from Perry’s Chemical Engineering p 937 (1950)
00:34:43 Sedimentation
00:35:13 Age of sediments in lakes and on the sea bed
00:36:10 Sedimentation Precision
00:36:58 Laser diffraction Why now the dominant method for analysis?
00:38:37 PSA Conference quote
00:39:23 Testimonials
00:40:19 Laser diffraction - principle of measurement
00:41:37 Size distribution – Malvern Hills
00:43:10 Lunar simulant - size distribution - wet and dry See: http://isru.msfc.nasa.gov/lib/Documents/particlesize/LHT-1M/Malvern/Size/LHT-1Msize_Malvern2102_Report.pdf
00:43:59 The shape distribution
00:44:36 Shape distribution
00:44:59 Wm. Mackie ”On the laws that govern the rounding of grains of sand” Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society 7(3), 298-311, (1897) April 28th 1856 - July 15th 1932 Place of Birth: Loanends of Durno, Chapel of Garioch, Aberdeenshire
00:46:06 Krumbein, 1941
00:47:00 Krumbein, 1941
00:47:36 Krumbein, 1941
00:49:03 Krumbein, 1941
00:49:32 Krumbein, 1938 Surface texture, S
00:50:23 W C Krumbein & F J Pettijohn Manual of Sedimentary Petrography (1938) Chapter 12 “Surface textures of sedimentary fragments and particles” pp 303-308 5½ pages only Chapter 11 is “Shape and Roundness” (recommended for history)
00:51:23 W C Krumbein & F J Pettijohn Manual of Sedimentary Petrography (1938) Chapter 12 “Surface textures of sedimentary fragments and particles”
00:51:49 Calculated relationships of critical erosion velocity to void ratio for particles and aggregates with given grain size Modified after Axelsson 1992 (UNGI Rapport Nr 81)
00:52:12 Sample preparation
00:53:45 Sampling - segregation
00:54:44 Glacial moraine - sampling rules
00:55:40 Minimum Mass (based on Gy statistics)
00:57:00 Best Fundamental Sampling Error (FSE)
00:58:59 Sampling
00:59:37 Method development - general
01:00:57 General rules
01:01:32 Rationale of dispersion
01:02:16 Preparation of a stable suspension
01:04:07 Pre-treatment(s)
01:04:22 Pre-treatment(s)
01:04:58 Pre-treatment(s)
01:05:11 Stabilizer
01:06:09 CeO2
01:07:18 Stability studies with Zeta3000HS plus titrator
01:08:28 Soils/sediments checklist
01:09:12 The Benefits of the Mastersizer series for soils/sediments particle size analysis
01:10:03 The Benefits of the Mastersizer series for soils/sediments analysis
01:10:32 Custom reports
01:11:07 Reference list
01:11:29 Reference List
01:11:57 References
01:12:08 References
01:12:20 References
01:12:29 Soils in Malvern/Hereford & Worcestershire
01:12:48 Thank you!
01:13:15 Contact Information
The characterization of soils and sediments for size and shape properties has a long and well-established history going back to the late 1800's. We will look at some important application areas such as erosion, abrasion, and sediment deposition.