The importance of particle size, shape and rheology in the paints, coatings, and pigments industries.

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00:00:00 The importance of particle size, shape, and rheology in the paints, coatings, and pigments industries 
00:01:32 The importance of particle size, shape, and rheology in the paints, coatings, and pigments industries
00:02:27 Abstract
00:03:10 Outline
00:04:00 Opening quotation
00:04:51 Trends in the industry
00:06:36 General slide G G Sward & A E Jacobsen Chapter 3.4 “Particle Size Measurement” in Editor G G Sward “Paint Testing Manual: Physical and Chemical Examination of Paints, Varnishes” 13th Edition ASTM (1972)
00:08:03 Particle Size – early web reference!
00:08:53 Particle Size – early web reference!
00:09:40 Particle Size – early web reference!
00:10:08 Titanium dioxide
00:11:41 Titanium dioxide
00:13:10 Scattering Efficiency vs Refractive Index
00:14:03 Weber
00:14:28 Weber – extract formula
00:15:00 Optimum size (Weber) Calculations for RI and l
00:16:20 Hans H Weber and Gustav Mie
00:16:32 Scattering Coefficient – 1960 “TiO2 in linseed oil” (but the latter has an RI of ~ 1.48!) 2.73/1.795 ~ 1.52 Loney used 2.71/1.51 (page 14 of reference)
00:17:52 Ferranti Pegasus
00:18:43 Pegasus 2
00:19:12 Philip Laven’s MiePlot – Freeware… http://www.philiplaven.com/mieplot.htm
00:19:44 Philip Laven’s MiePlot (using v 4.001) Up to 200mm
00:20:10 Compare with Loney (1960) Needs adjustment of scales
00:20:33 Fraunhofer approximation Scattering/Extinction Coefficient (K)
00:21:13 What does the scattering coefficient mean in practice?
00:22:08 Titanium dioxide Hiding power - due to scattering
00:22:34 Transparent TiO2?
00:23:23 Transparent TiO2?
00:23:42 Imaginary component - what’s probably correct? Depends on the type and coating For this material, then pitching around 0.1 – multiple scattering
00:24:15 0 and 1 imaginary Smoother plot and reduces the maximum
00:25:06 TiO2 regarded as unsuited for size measurement… Henry Green “A photomicrographic method for the determination of particle size of paint and rubber pigments” J. Franklin Institute 637-66 (November 1921)
00:26:01 Particle Shape
00:26:50 Early literature reference
00:27:30 Rose (pages 18 and 19)
00:28:20 TiO2
00:29:24 Metal flakes/bronzes
00:30:43 Don’t think that this alignment is easy…
00:31:40 Aluminum flake Breda and Lutz catalog
00:32:07 http://www.emd-performance-materials.com/en/plastics/know_how/know_how.html
00:32:38 KemFx KonFusion KF-04 Chameleon paint http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEq5p_feo7E
00:33:24 Zeta Potential
00:35:10 Reference
00:37:04 TiO2- High concentration measurements
00:38:19 Lambourne page 262
00:39:46 Indications that there is a stability issue
00:40:25 Stability studies with Zeta3000HS plus titrator
00:42:09 Stability studies with Zeta3000HS plus titrator
00:42:55 Measurement with optimum conditions
00:43:15 Measurement with optimum conditions
00:43:45 Rheology
00:44:52 Untitled
00:45:42 Patton - 1968
00:46:21 Richard R Eley
00:47:06 Coating
00:48:22 Transfer from container to applicator
00:49:30 Film formation
00:49:59 Flow-out of paint film
00:51:25 Flow-out of paint film
00:52:15 Shear rates of different processes
00:53:07 Links between the properties
00:54:39 Application examples Yield point from stress ramp
00:55:10 Application examples Yield stress and yield point from strain sweep
00:55:56 References
00:56:28 Contact Information
This presentation will highlight the importance of 4 fundamental characterization parameters (size, shape, rheology, zeta potential) to the formulation and specification of coatings, paints, and pigments.