Environmental and climate science

Find out how our analytical solutions can advance your research on the atmosphere, land, and water

Interested in improving your environmental and climate science knowledge with the help of our analytical solutions? Whether you’re a student, a researcher, or a professor, we’ve got a wide range of useful articles on the most relevant applications of our atmosphere, land, and water research solutions.

The materials researched and the analytical methods used in environmental and climate science research often overlap with Agriculture and Food Sciences, and Geological Sciences, Minerals, and Mining, so you may also find useful information on those pages. The method abbreviations are explained at the bottom of this page. Enjoy exploring!

The atmosphere

Through research in meteorology, pollution, and climate change, we’re always studying the atmosphere. Here are just a few ways we can make new discoveries in atmospheric sciences. A big part of investigating our atmosphere also includes calibrating for different atmospheric conditions. Take a look at our application examples below to find out more!

The Atmosphere

Method

Sample/Subject

Application Note Title (Link)

Clouds radiative properties - calibration of spectra

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Cloud and surface radiative properties

Surface Bidirectional Reflectance Functions Derived from CERES Helicopter Data Over the Arm Southern Great Plains Site

Night-time lights - calibration of spectra

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Night-time light using a Nightsat sensor

Spectral Signatures of Night-time Lights

Particles, ash - automated imaging

Imaging

Volcanic ash

Assessing the abrasivity of volcanic ash from the Eyjafjallajökulll volcano eruption using the Morphologi G3

Particles, pollution - automated imaging

Imaging

1 ml of a 2000 particles/ml counting standard (Thermo Scientific Ezy-cal lot 37088) 

Particle characterization and counting on filter membranes using the Morphologi G3 automated image analysis system

Particles, pollution - elemental analysis

XRF

EPA method IO-3.3 for 55 elements

Elemental analysis of air filters according to US EPA method IO-3.3

Particles, pollution - elemental analysis

XRF

As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn in air

Ambient air monitoring: analysis of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn as particulates on air filters

Solar spectral energy - calibration of spectra

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Solar Spectral Energy

Measuring Solar Spectral Energy Application Note

Land

With the demands on land constantly increasing, it’s more important than ever to study land use, land erosion, and soil properties, and to map variations in biology and vegetation. To find out more about investigating mineral deposits, check out Geological Sciences, Minerals, and Mining. Land researchers can use analytical instruments to calibrate and validate airborne satellite images and carry out ground- and lab-based experiments. Take a look below to find out more about our land research solutions!

Land

Method

Sample/Subject

Application Note Title (Link)

Change of use and invasive species - calibration of airborne sensor

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Land-use change and invasive species

Radiometric Calibration Concept of Imaging Spectrometers for a Long-Term Ecological Remote Sensing Project

Earth from space - Calibration of spectra

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Earth surface

Non-imaging Airborne Spectroscopy for Calibrating Satellite Imagery

Earth from the air - calibration of spectra

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Calibrations or radiance spectra at Ivanpah Playa, California, and Lake Mead, Nevada

The MODIS/ASTER Airborne Simulator (MASTER) — A New Instrument for Earth Science Studies

Soil - lab-based measurement of mineralogy and total carbon

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Soil carbon, soil minerals

Measurement of Soil Mineralogy and Total Carbon Using NIR

Soil - organic carbon content

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Soil Organic Carbon (SOC)

Analysis of Soil Organic Carbon in Soil Samples using an ASD NIR Spectrometer

Vegetation - review of remote sensing methods

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Review article of land-air mapping

Scaling Spectroscopic Approaches – From Leaf Albedo to Ecosystems Mapping

Water

From Himalayan Snow to our coastal waters, we have a keen interest in water as a precious life-giving natural resource. We study water treatment for human consumption, as well as how water becomes polluted and the impact water has on our environment. Check out our application notes below to find out more about our water research solutions!

Water

Method

Sample

Application Note Title (Link)

Drinking water - particle content

NTA

Drinking water before and after filtration

Monitoring Microfiltration Processes for Water Treatment

Fire protection, water mists - particle size

LD

Water, mist systems/surfactants

Characterizing fire suppression systems using the Malvern Spraytec

Wastewater treatment - coagulation

ELS

Wastewater, coagulant

Real-time data enables spot-on coagulant dosing - article

Water quality - chlorophyll, phosphorous, and turbidity

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

Water quality parameters such as chlorophyll-a, turbidity, and total phosphorus 

Coupling Hyperspectral Remote Sensing with Field Spectrometry to Monitor Inland Water Quality Parameters

Water treatment - clarification control

ELS

Severn-Trent water treatment

Moving towards automated clarification control in water treatment: The industrial benefits of online zeta potential measurement – white paper

Water treatment - flocculation

ELS

Bentonite (aluminum-silicate clay particles /water model system + cationic flocculant (alum))

Optimization of Water Treatment using Zeta Potential

Water treatment - nanoparticles 

NTA

Researching the toxicity and environmental impact of nanoparticles

Assessing Nanoparticle Toxicity in Wastewater using Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis - Whitepaper

Water treatment - process control

ELS

Wastewater, treated water

The role of zeta potential in water treatment process control

Water treatment - removal of toxins

ELS

RNIP (reactive nano iron particles) to remove toxic chlorinated compounds (i.e. trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethene (PCE), chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane)

Water Remediation: Reactive Nano-Iron Particles

Water treatment - turbidity simulations

ELS

Intralipid samples to simulate turbidity

Concentration limits for zeta potential measurements in the Zetasizer Nano

약어 설명

당사의 제품 및 기술은 제품 페이지에 설명되어 있습니다. 아래에서 측정 이름 및 약어와 함께 당사 기기로 측정한 특성에 대한 빠른 참조를 찾을 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용을 보려면 각 방법을 클릭하십시오! 

약어

방법 이름

기기

측정된 특성

DLS

동적 광산란

Zetasizer

분자 크기, 유체역학적 반경 RH, 입자 크기, 크기 분포, 안정성, 농도, 응집

ELS

전기 영동 광산란

Zetasizer

제타 전위, 입자 전하, 현탁액 안정성, 단백질 이동도

ITC

등온 적정 열량측정법

MicroCal  ITC

결합 친화도, 용액 내 분자 반응의 열역학

DSC

시차 주사 열량측정법

Microcal DSC

대형 분자의 변성(풀림), 거대분자의 안정성

GCI

도파관 간섭법

Creoptix WAVEsystem

실시간 결합 동역학 및 결합 친화도, 유체를 사용한 무표지

IMG

자동 이미지 분석

Morphologi 4

입자 영상 처리, 자동 형상 및 크기 측정

MDRS

형태학적 기반 라만 분광법

Morphologi 4-ID

입자 영상 처리, 자동 형상 및 크기 측정, 화학적 식별 및 오염물 검출

LD

레이저 회절

Mastersizer

Spraytec

Insitec

Parsum

입자 크기, 크기 분포

NTA

나노 입자 추적 분석

NanoSight

입자 크기, 크기 분포 및 농도

SEC  또는  GPC

크기 배제 크로마토그래피 /

겔 투과 크로마토그래피

OMNISEC

분자 크기, 분자량, 올리고머 상태, 폴리머 또는 단백질 크기 및 분자 구조

SPE

융합을 통한 샘플 전처리

Le Neo

LeDoser

Eagon 2

OxAdvanced

M4

rFusion

XRF를 위한 용융 비드 샘플 전처리, ICP를 위한 과산화물 용액 전처리, 비드 만들기를 위한 플럭스 칭량

UV/Vis/NIR/ SWIR

자외선/가시광선/근적외선/단파 적외선 분광측정법

LabSpec

FieldSpec

TerraSpec

QualitySpec

물질 식별 및 분석, 수분, 광물, 탄소 함량. 공기중 및 위성 분광 기법을 위한 지상 실측.

PFTNA

펄스화된 빠른 열 중성자 활성화

CNA

인라인 원소 분석

XRD-C

X선 회절 (결정학)

Aeris

Empyrean

분자 결정 구조 정제,

결정상 식별 및 정량화, 결정질 대 비결정질 비율, 결정질 크기 분석

XRD-M

X선 회절 (미세구조)

Empyrean

X’Pert3 MRD(XL)

잔류 응력, 텍스처

XRD-CT

컴퓨터 단층촬영에 의한 X선 흡수 영상 처리

Empyrean

고체, 다공성 및 밀도의 3D 영상 처리

SAXS

소각 X선 산란

Empyrean

나노입자, 크기, 형태 및 구조

GISAXS

그레이징 입사 소각 X선 산란

Empyrean

나노구조의 박막 및 표면

HR-XRD

고분해능 X선 회절

Empyrean

X’Pert3 MRD(XL)

박막 및 에피택시 다층, 조성, 변형, 두께, 품질

XRR

X선 반사측정

Empyrean

X’Pert3 MRD(XL)

박막 및 표면, 막 두께, 표면 및 계면 조도

XRF

X선 형광

Epsilon

Zetium

Axios FAST

2830 ZT

원소 조성, 원소 농도, 미량 원소, 오염물 검출