The Kinetics Guide | Binding kinetics with the WAVE system. Download now

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Creoptix WAVEchip

No-clog microfluidic sensor chip for every need

The innovative design of our patented microfluidic cartridge supports crude samples, pathogenic samples, harsh solvents, and large particles up to 1000 nm normally only achieved with plate-based assays. The Creoptix WAVEchips are uniquely designed for the WAVEsystem.

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Overview

Measure the toughest samples

The innovative fluidics design integrates all the microfluidics into the disposable cartridge (not within the device core) and places large bore standard valves downstream in the instrument instead of having microvalves near the chip. 

By combining the microfluidics and optical biosensor in a single disposable cartridge, Creoptix® WAVE system offers crude-sample robustness normally only achieved with plate-based assays. Compatible sample types include 100% serum or plasma, cell lysates, crude membranes preparations, large drug targets, virus-like particles (VLPs), liposomes, and aggregates (fibrils) without clogging risk.

The chemical-friendly cartridge also makes it amenable to work with high concentrations of DMSO, acetonitrile, and other organic solvents typical of fragment libraries, and viscous detergents allowing exploration of solubilization and purification conditions for membrane proteins. And because the cartridges are self-contained and disposable, they eliminate cross-contamination protecting your samples and ensuring more reliable data.

No Microvalves for Fast Transitions

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The cartridge design enables ultra-fast transition times of 150 msec for reliable determination of off-rates of 10 sec–1 (half-life of 69 ms), enabling the kinetic study of weakly binding fragments.

No-Clog for Crude Samples

No-clog microfluidics accommodates a broad range of sample types to preserve activity and biological context, saving time from detrimental purification steps and clogging that takes other systems offline.

By combining the patented Grating-Coupled Interferometry (GCI) technology with no-clog microfluidics, the Creoptix® WAVEsystem deliver high quality data from even the most challenging sample types and achieve superior resolution in signal and time compared to other forms of label-free quantification. Label-free ligand immobilization is typically achieved by covalently coupling the ligand to the biosensor via naturally-occurring amine (-NH2), thiol (-SH2) or aldehyde (-COOH) groups, or through ligand attachment to an antibody that has itself been covalently attached to the biosensor surface. Maintaining samples in native configuration and physiological conditions reduces the risk of protein inactivation or denaturation, ensuring the raw data generated is a faithful depiction of kinetic activity. 

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Frequently asked questions

What are WAVEchips® compatible with?
  • 100% Serum & plasma & cell supernatant
  • Non-traditional solvents, including high percentages of acetonitrile and DMSO
  • Viscous detergents and additives to solubilize membrane proteins
  • Cell membrane preps, partially solubilized, unpurified material
  • Virus-like particles (VLPs), liposomes, or nanodiscs used as solubilization structures
  • Large binding partners: nanoparticles and crude membrane preps
How often can I use the WAVEchips?
This depends on the type of WAVEchip®, the immobilization method used, and the behavior of the immobilized ligand. For example, His-tagged ligand proteins captured on a Ni-NTA surface can be regenerated by EDTA and the ligand freshly re-captured multiple times. This means that such a chip can generally be used repeatedly, provided it remains inserted in the Creoptix® WAVEsystem. Regenerations are possible with both Ni-NTA and Protein A/G chips, allowing for multiple uses, however this is not easily accomplished with streptavidin or other chips.
How much ligand can you immobilize on the chips?
The immobilization capacity depends on the chip type and immobilization method. The highest capacity chip in the Creoptix® WAVEsystem portfolio, the 4PCH WAVEchip, can immobilize up to 35,000 pg/mm2 of BSA, but the experimental capacity depends on the exact ligand used. The WAVEcontrol software has a built-in simulator that helps determine the ligand density required for an acceptable theoretical response.

WAVEchip Compatibility

By Target

ProteinAntibodyMembrane proteinNegatively charged ligandLiposomes, vesticles, self-assembled organic particlesVLPs / large particles
4PCH WAVEchip
4PCH-STA WAVEchip
4PCH-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP WAVEchip
4PCP-STA WAVEchip
4PCP-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP-PAG WAVEchip
4PCP-LIP WAVEchip
4PCZ WAVEchip
4DXH-STA WAVEchip

By Tag

Amine-covalentHisStreptavidinIgGFC taggedLipid
4PCH WAVEchip
4PCH-STA WAVEchip
4PCH-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP WAVEchip
4PCP-STA WAVEchip
4PCP-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP-PAG WAVEchip
4PCP-LIP WAVEchip
4PCZ WAVEchip
4DXH-STA WAVEchip

By Target:Analyte MW ration

< 99:1100:1 to 350:1> 350:1
4PCH WAVEchip
4PCH-STA WAVEchip
4PCH-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP WAVEchip
4PCP-STA WAVEchip
4PCP-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP-PAG WAVEchip
4PCP-LIP WAVEchip
4PCZ WAVEchip
4DXH-STA WAVEchip

By Matrix

BufferBuffer with detergent (high concentration)Crude reaction mixtureSerum & plasma
4PCH WAVEchip
4PCH-STA WAVEchip
4PCH-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP WAVEchip
4PCP-STA WAVEchip
4PCP-NTA WAVEchip
4PCP-PAG WAVEchip
4PCP-LIP WAVEchip
4PCZ WAVEchip
4DXH-STA WAVEchip