Epsilon 4 Pre-installation manual
Version number: 4
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X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) has an important and well-established analytical role within the mining and minerals industry. It is used extensively for exploration, grade control, process monitoring and assuring that the composition of waste is within the limits of environmental norms and regulations.
Epsilon 4 benchtop spectrometers are used in mining operations, even at remote locations, for fast elemental analysis of ores, minerals and rocks. The combination of low infrastructural demands and the high analytical performance, enables quick determination of operation strategies in mining locations where utilities are limited.
Discover the possibilities of XRF analysis and reduce your feedback time from hours to minutes by placing the Epsilon 4 benchtop XRF spectrometer next to your mine or processing plant.
The power of benchtop XRF: Combining the latest excitation and detection technologies and smart design, the analytical performance of Epsilon 4 approaches that of more powerful and floor-standing spectrometers. Selective excitation and careful matching of the X-ray tube output to the capabilities of the detection system underlie the system’s outstanding performance.
Unattended operation: The combination of a 10-position removable sample changer with spinner enables the automatic processing of sample batches without the need for operator attention. Continuous rotation of the sample during measurement minimizes any errors caused by non-homogeneity or surface irregularities within individual samples and provides more accurate results. Automatic transfer of data to a central location gives you access to the latest results.
Fast and sensitive: Fast measurements are achieved by using the latest silicon drift detector technology that produces significantly higher intensities. Unique detector electronics enable a linear count rate capacity to over 1,500,000 cps (at 50% dead time) and a count rate independent resolution typically better than 135 eV for better separation of analytical lines in the spectrum. This allows the Epsilon 4 spectrometer to run at full power and therefore realizes a much higher sample throughput compared to traditional EDXRF benchtop instruments.
Reduce helium consumption: The high performance of Epsilon 4 enables many applications to be operated in air atmosphere, without longer overhead time and costs involved for helium or maintenance of vacuum system. When measuring in air, low-energy X-ray photons characteristic of sodium, magnesium and aluminium, are sensitive to variations in air pressure and temperature. Built-in temperature and air-pressure sensors compensate for these environmental variations, ensuring excellent results whatever the weather.
Malvern Panalytical has developed a unique set of 15 synthetic, multi-element wide-range oxide (WROXI) certified reference materials (CRM). Together with Epsilon 4, WROXI can be used for the analysis of major and minor elements in fused beads.
With the FP algorithm in the Epsilon software, the WROXI application can determine concentrations of up to 11 common oxides in a wide range of rocks, ores and minerals.
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) is a safe, cost-effective, and highly reliable method that is well-established within the mining and minerals industry.
Using the Epsilon 4 in at-line mineral processing operations provides quick, efficient steering in mineral beneficiation plants.
Epsilon 4 spectrometers can handle a large variety of sample types, weighing from a few milligrams to larger bulk samples. Samples can be measured as:
Great tool. Quick analysis, easy-to-use repeatable. Very helpful and competent assistance.
Omar Scaccabarozzi — Analyst
| Sample capacity | 10-position removable sample changer |
|---|---|
| Sample size | Spectrometer can accommodate samples up to 52 mm (2 inch) in diameter |
| Features | Spinner is included for better accuracy of air filter analysis |
| Features | Metal-ceramic side window for maximum stability
50 micrometers thin beryllium window for high sensitivity for light elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si) |
|---|---|
| Tube setting | Ag anode X-ray tube for best performance of P, S and Cl analysis |
| Detector type | High-resolution silicon drift detector (SDD), typically 135 eV @ Mn-Kα |
|---|---|
| Features | Max count rate of 1,500,000 counts/s at 50% dead time
Thin-entrance detector window for high sensitivity |
| Software |
|
|---|
Version number: 4
Version number: 4
Version number: 4
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 1
Please contact support for the latest software version.
To assure that your instrument remains in top condition and performs on the highest level, Malvern Panalytical offers a wide range of services. Our expertise and support services assure an optimal functioning of your instrument.
Service for a lifetime
Adding value to your processes
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) has an important and well-established analytical role within the mining and minerals industry. It is used extensively for exploration, grade control, process monitoring and assuring that the composition of waste is within the limits of environmental norms and regulations.
Epsilon 4 benchtop spectrometers are used in mining operations, even at remote locations, for fast elemental analysis of ores, minerals and rocks. The combination of low infrastructural demands and the high analytical performance, enables quick determination of operation strategies in mining locations where utilities are limited.
Discover the possibilities of XRF analysis and reduce your feedback time from hours to minutes by placing the Epsilon 4 benchtop XRF spectrometer next to your mine or processing plant.
The power of benchtop XRF: Combining the latest excitation and detection technologies and smart design, the analytical performance of Epsilon 4 approaches that of more powerful and floor-standing spectrometers. Selective excitation and careful matching of the X-ray tube output to the capabilities of the detection system underlie the system’s outstanding performance.
Unattended operation: The combination of a 10-position removable sample changer with spinner enables the automatic processing of sample batches without the need for operator attention. Continuous rotation of the sample during measurement minimizes any errors caused by non-homogeneity or surface irregularities within individual samples and provides more accurate results. Automatic transfer of data to a central location gives you access to the latest results.
Fast and sensitive: Fast measurements are achieved by using the latest silicon drift detector technology that produces significantly higher intensities. Unique detector electronics enable a linear count rate capacity to over 1,500,000 cps (at 50% dead time) and a count rate independent resolution typically better than 135 eV for better separation of analytical lines in the spectrum. This allows the Epsilon 4 spectrometer to run at full power and therefore realizes a much higher sample throughput compared to traditional EDXRF benchtop instruments.
Reduce helium consumption: The high performance of Epsilon 4 enables many applications to be operated in air atmosphere, without longer overhead time and costs involved for helium or maintenance of vacuum system. When measuring in air, low-energy X-ray photons characteristic of sodium, magnesium and aluminium, are sensitive to variations in air pressure and temperature. Built-in temperature and air-pressure sensors compensate for these environmental variations, ensuring excellent results whatever the weather.
Malvern Panalytical has developed a unique set of 15 synthetic, multi-element wide-range oxide (WROXI) certified reference materials (CRM). Together with Epsilon 4, WROXI can be used for the analysis of major and minor elements in fused beads.
With the FP algorithm in the Epsilon software, the WROXI application can determine concentrations of up to 11 common oxides in a wide range of rocks, ores and minerals.
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) is a safe, cost-effective, and highly reliable method that is well-established within the mining and minerals industry.
Using the Epsilon 4 in at-line mineral processing operations provides quick, efficient steering in mineral beneficiation plants.
Epsilon 4 spectrometers can handle a large variety of sample types, weighing from a few milligrams to larger bulk samples. Samples can be measured as:
Great tool. Quick analysis, easy-to-use repeatable. Very helpful and competent assistance.
Omar Scaccabarozzi — Analyst
| Sample capacity | 10-position removable sample changer |
|---|---|
| Sample size | Spectrometer can accommodate samples up to 52 mm (2 inch) in diameter |
| Features | Spinner is included for better accuracy of air filter analysis |
| Features | Metal-ceramic side window for maximum stability
50 micrometers thin beryllium window for high sensitivity for light elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si) |
|---|---|
| Tube setting | Ag anode X-ray tube for best performance of P, S and Cl analysis |
| Detector type | High-resolution silicon drift detector (SDD), typically 135 eV @ Mn-Kα |
|---|---|
| Features | Max count rate of 1,500,000 counts/s at 50% dead time
Thin-entrance detector window for high sensitivity |
| Software |
|
|---|
Version number: 4
Version number: 4
Version number: 4
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 3
Version number: 1
Please contact support for the latest software version.
To assure that your instrument remains in top condition and performs on the highest level, Malvern Panalytical offers a wide range of services. Our expertise and support services assure an optimal functioning of your instrument.
Service for a lifetime
Adding value to your processes
Choose Epsilon 4 for fast elemental analysis of ores, minerals and rocks in mining operations, even at remote locations.